[campaigns] (Fwd) FOS Newsletter, 3/18/02

Volker Grassmuck vgrass@rz.hu-berlin.de
Mon, 18 Mar 2002 19:33:37 +0100


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To:             	suber-fos@topica.com
From:           	Peter Suber <peters@earlham.edu>
Subject:        	FOS Newsletter, 3/18/02
Date sent:      	Mon, 18 Mar 2002 12:19:21 -0500
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      Welcome to the Free Online Scholarship (FOS) Newsletter
      March 18, 2002


Article summarizing software

One of the myriad ways that sophisticated software will help researchers is 
to write short summaries of digital articles.  Imagine succinct, 
AI-generated summaries accompanying URLs in a search engine.  Imagine 
bookmarking a hundred relevant-looking articles for a research project and 
siccing a summarizer on them to see which deserve a full read.  Imagine 
right-clicking on a paragraph of postmodern discourse, and selecting "cut 
the crap" from a pop-up menu.

Gerald DeJong pioneered this kind of AI with FRUMP (Fast Reading 
Understanding and Memory Program), a 1979 adaptation of Roger Schank's 
script-based AI.  FRUMP could read long newspaper stories and write 
strikingly accurate short summaries.  To see where this technology is 
today, visit the Columbia Newsblaster, an AI news portal from Columbia 
University's NLP (Natural Language Processing) Group.  Newsblaster collects 
news in real time from a dozen major free online sources, and breaks it 
into general categories (e.g. U.S. World, Science) and specific topics 
(e.g. stem cell research).  Then it writes its own summary of the news on 
each topic, and gives links to full stories for those who want to read 
more.  Judge for yourself, but I'm sure you'll find the auto-generated 
summaries to be clear, accurate, and successful in distinguishing what's 
central to a story from what's peripheral.

Apart from the intelligent software, a summarizing service like Newsblaster 
depends on the availability of free online content to harvest as data for 
the software.  Imagine a "Researchblaster" for your discipline, harvesting 
the growing number of free, online, full-text articles, and offering 
accurate summaries organized by category and topic.  The Columbia NLP Group 
is working on such a system for the field of medicine.

Columbia Newsblaster
http://www.cs.columbia.edu/nlp/newsblaster/

Columbia Natural Language Processing Group
http://www.cs.columbia.edu/nlp/index.html

Papers from the Columbia NLP Group on summarizing medical articles
http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~noemie/papers/was01.pdf
http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~pablo/community/nlp/ISMB2001disambiguation.pdf
http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~pablo/community/nlp/klavans_amia00.pdf

Stephen Wan's resources on Automatic Text Summarization, including a 
history of the field, list of projects, glossary, and bibliography
http://www.ics.mq.edu.au/~swan/summarization/index.htm

* Postscript.  Does anyone know of free online research sites in any field 
that already run summarizing software?  How about freely available 
summarizing software capable of taking web content as data?

Text-summarizing or "gisting" software is just one example of software that 
will take FOS as data and return services unobtainable or even unimaginable 
to researchers in the age of print.  Here's another example of from this 
week's news.  In FOSN for 11/2/01, I wondered whether taxonomy or 
categorization software, which evolved for business, was being used 
anywhere for academic research.  This week the Institute of Physics 
announced that it is using the Vivisimo Clustering Engine for searching its 
online journals.
http://vivisimo.com/docs/IOP_release.doc

----------

Developments

* The Budapest Open Access Initiative has now been translated into Russian.
http://www.soros.org/openaccess/
(Sign it, persuade your institution to sign it, take steps to implement it, 
and spread the word.)

* _In Cognito_ is now making its full-text articles freely accessible 
online.  It will still publish a priced, print edition.

_In Cognito_
http://www.univ-ubs.fr/valoria/cognito/

Press release on the new open-access edition
http://makeashorterlink.com/?U19821B8

* The government of New Zealand has approved a plan to provide free online 
access to the nation's statutes, regulations, and bills.  Existing online 
collections are incomplete, unofficial, and do not show amendments 
incorporated into the rules they amend.  The complete official version will 
be phased in gradually and should be finished in three years.
http://makeashorterlink.com/?C1AF25B8

* The University of Colorado has decided to receive only the electronic 
editions of all the 600-800 Elsevier journals to which its four campuses 
subscribe.
http://www.coloradodaily.com/display/inn_news/news05.txt
(Thanks to Library Geek.)

* Lawtopic is an interesting new service.  It simply lists topics for legal 
research papers, organized by branches of law.  The topics are submitted by 
judges, law professors, and practicing lawyers.  They are intended for use 
by law students in need of cutting-edge research topics.  Students who 
write on one of the topics are encouraged to credit 
Lawtopic.org.  (PS:  Are there similar services in other disciplines?  I'd 
love to pose questions for bright grad students to research and answer.)
http://lawtopic.lawlib.ucla.edu/
(Thanks to The Filter.)

* DigitalConsumer.org is a new group devoted to protecting fair-use rights 
over digital content repealed by the DMCA and threatened by the SSSCA.  It 
aims to enact a digital Bill of Rights and undo the recent changes in 
copyright law that have harmed readers, consumers, libraries, innovation, 
and interoperability.  The site includes its draft Bill of Rights, an 
excellent FAQ, list of suggested readings, and a form for sending letters 
to Congress.  If you've wondered how to explain the problems with 
contemporary copyright law to colleagues who haven't been following the 
news, or how to defend this critique of recent developments without 
endorsing piracy, this site is exemplary.  (PS:  One of DigitalConsumer's 
co-founders is Joe Kraus of Excite.  Kraus was one of the anti-SSSCA 
witness at the recent Senate hearings.)
http://www.digitalconsumer.org/index.html

* [Not Relevant But Who Cares Department.]  A radical separatist group in 
India has shot and wounded seven people for helping students to cheat on 
university exams.  The shooters are not friends of higher education so much 
as partisans of purity aiming to end every form of corruption in the Indian 
state of Manipur.
http://chronicle.com/daily/2002/03/2002031806n.htm
(Accessible only to CHE subscribers.)

----------

New on the net

* On March 14, the Text-e symposium finished discussing its tenth and last 
text.  But its forum will remain open for a general discussion of the 
issues raised during the symposium:  the impact of the web on reading, 
writing, research, and the diffusion of knowledge.  The moderators have 
posted their "conclusions" to the site to stimulate further 
discussion.  However, their conclusions are much more about the nature and 
advantages of online symposia than the impact of the web on reading, 
writing, and research.
http://www.text-e.org/index.cfm?switchLang=Eng&

* The Hybrid Library (HyLiFe) Project ended last year.  Its toolkit and 
recommendations are now online.
http://hylife.unn.ac.uk/toolkit/
(Thanks to El.pub Weekly.)

* Ohio State University has released version 2.0 of Prospero, an 
open-source internet document delivery system.  Prospero lets libraries 
scan, send, and receive documents, and lets users view them on any web 
browser.  This allows libraries to use the internet as the medium for 
inter-library loan, both to move documents between libraries and to deliver 
them to patrons.  The code for 2.0 is now available for downloading.
http://bones.med.ohio-state.edu/prospero/
(Thanks to Library News Daily.)

* Apache has released 1.0rc2 (version 1.0 release candidate 2) of Xindice, 
its open-source database specifically designed to story large archives of 
XML. The code may now be downloaded from the site.  (PS:  Xandice was 
formerly called dbXML; see FOSN for 10/19/01.)
http://xml.apache.org/xindice/
(Thanks to El.pub Weekly.)

----------

Share your thoughts

* The Internet Archive is looking for librarians, authors, publishers, 
teachers, and children's advocates to help it build the International 
Children's Digital Library, a free online archive of children's 
literature.  It is also looking for funds to digitize 100,000 children's books.
http://www.archive.org/icdl/index.html
(Thanks to Shelflife.)

* The National Center for State Courts and the Justice Management Institute 
would like your thoughts on its draft policy on public and private access 
to court records.  Comments will be welcome until April 15.
http://www.courtaccess.org/modelpolicy/
(Thanks to C-FIT.)

----------

In other publications

* In the March 18 _TheScientist_, Barry Palevitz explains how the National 
Library of Medicine (essentially, PubMed) is using its LinkOut service to 
give users expanded access to other online sources of biomedical research.
http://www.the-scientist.com/yr2002/mar/palevitz_p27_020318.html

* In the March 17 _New York Times_ Kevin Kelly has an excellent essay on 
how recording and copying technology has changed, and will continue to 
change, music.  The deep changes to music that Kelly describes are only 
FOS-related if you can let them suggest to your imagination equally deep 
changes to scientific and scholarly literature.  One of his conclusions 
that may transfer to scholarship is that there are many reasons why free 
and priced versions of the same content may coexist.  For example, there is 
far more music of the kind you like than you could ever listen to in your 
lifetime.  One service worth paying for (until it too is free) is a trusted 
discriminator that brings to your attention the content you most want right 
now.  Another conclusion that may transfer is that ultimately the 
pricelessness of free content is less revolutionary than what Kelly calls 
the "liquidity" of digital content, or its susceptibility to manipulation 
by software.  (PS:  For an example of how this matters for scholarship, see 
the story on text summarizing software, above.)
http://www.nytimes.com/2002/03/17/magazine/17ONLINE.html

* In the March 14 _Guardian_, Chris Middleton argues that over the next 
five years publishing on demand (POD) will be much more attractive to 
consumers than ebooks.
http://www.guardian.co.uk/online/story/0,3605,666679,00.html

* In a March 13 article posted to _AntiCensorWare_, Seth Finkelstein 
explains why internet filtering software blocks sites like the Internet 
Archive's Wayback Machine.  Because these archives are comprehensive, and 
because access to them is all or nothing, filtering software regards them 
as "loopholes" or "proxy avoidance systems" and blocks them.  This kind of 
censorship "is not a program accident or human error.  It will not be 
fixed-when-exposed, or fixed-in-next-release, or 
fixed-when-AI-is-developed-someday.  It is a logical outcome of the 
imperatives of control over all reading material.  This 'pre-slipped slope' 
results in the deliberate electronic book-burning of a unique, 
unparalleled, digital library."
http://sethf.com/anticensorware/general/slip.php
(Thanks to LIS News.)

* In the March 11 _Newsbytes_, Kevin Featherly reports on several bills 
before the Florida legislature which would close records to the public that 
are now open.  None of the information to be removed from public access is 
the kind that might be useful to terrorists.  For example, one kind reveals 
when public officials meet in private with contractors making bids on 
public projects.  Florida's newspapers are leading a campaign to keep the 
records open.
http://www.newsbytes.com/news/02/175115.html
(Thanks to Internet Law News.)

A similar controversy is brewing in New Jersey, but in this case the 
initiative to close public records originates in the governor's office and 
the opposition to it comes from the legislature.
http://www.app.com/app2001/story/0,21133,530607,00.html
(Thanks to Freedom News Daily.)

* The opening story in the March 11 _The Filter_ is not only about the 
Eldred case and the Supreme Court's agreement to hear it next term, but the 
OpenLaw method of developing the legal arguments that got it this 
far.  OpenLaw is the innovation of Lawrence Lessig, who wanted to bring the 
"many eyeballs" approach of open source software to litigation.  Harvard's 
Berkman Center uses OpenLaw to brainstorm in public about the best legal 
arguments and strategies to use in real cases (see FOSN for 1/16/02, 
2/25/02).  The Eldred case is OpenLaw's first case and its first success.
http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/filter/

OpenLaw
http://eon.law.harvard.edu/openlaw/

* The March 7 issue of _CLIRinghouse_ is now online.  The anonymous 
editorial in this issue argues that course management software should 
include "direct access" to a college's online library catalog and licensed 
databases.  This would not only help students find relevant literature and 
assistance, but make better use of two expensive campus investments 
(licensed online journals and course management software).
http://www.clir.org/pubs/cliringhouse/house07.html

* In a March 2 posting to his web site, Henry Gladney gives a a short (1.5 
pp.) overview of some of his recent work in the long-term preservation of 
digital documents.
http://home.pacbell.net/hgladney/tdo.pdf

* In a March 15 story in _Planet eBook_, Sam Vaknin debunks the myth that 
copyright protects authors (rather than publishers) and gives authors an 
incentive to create (rather than publishers an incentive to publish).  In 
the process he describes the corporate interests that have driven recent 
worldwide changes to copyright law, and three powerful tendencies that make 
IP rules less and less relevant.  These three tendencies are competition 
with free content (supported by advertising and other dissemination 
subsidies), disintermediation, and market fragmentation.
http://www.planetebook.com/mainpage.asp?webpageid=304&nl

* The March issue of _First Monday_ is now online.  It contains the 
following two FOS-related articles.
http://firstmonday.org/issues/issue7_3/

A. Dedeke analyzes different ways to price digital information, given that 
the first copy is expensive to produce while subsequent copies are 
virtually free.  Dedeke also looks at ways to justify differential pricing 
based on differences in features and performance.
http://firstmonday.org/issues/issue7_3/dedeke/

Johan Soderberg offers a Marxist critique of copyright, and argues that 
several aspects of Marx's economic philosophy can be construed to support 
copyleft and the open source movement.
http://firstmonday.org/issues/issue7_3/soderberg/

* In a February 24 posting to _Responsible Netizen_, Nancy Willard presents 
her report on public schools using internet filters created by the 
Religious Right.
http://netizen.uoregon.edu/documents/religious1.html

Here are some news and op-ed pieces based on Willard's report
http://www.eschoolnews.com/news/showStory.cfm?ArticleID=3537
http://www.sptimes.com/2002/03/10/Columns/Internet_filters_shou.shtml

----------

Following up

To see past coverage of these stories in FOSN, use the search engine at the 
FOSN archive.
http://www.topica.com/lists/suber-fos/read

* More on the SSSCA

Jonathan Zittrain has an op-ed in the _New York Times_.
http://www.nytimes.com/2002/03/11/opinion/11ZITT.html
("The PC platform and the Internet to which it connects is [sic] the engine 
of the information revolution --as important to our economy and culture as 
all the movies in Hollywood.  A shift from open platforms to closed 
appliances may be inevitable, as our consumerist desire for trustworthy 
PC's dovetails with information providers' obsession with control. But we 
should beware the haste with which some would sacrifice flexibility for 
control.  If we can't at least temper this taming of the chaotic PC, the 
victims will be competition, innovation and consumer freedom.")

The EFF wants consumers to show their support for Intel, for standing up to 
Disney at the recent SSSCA hearings
http://www.eff.org/alerts/20020308_eff_sssca_alert.html

On March 14, the Senate Judiciary Committee held a hearing on the SSSCA.
http://judiciary.senate.gov/hearing.cfm?id=197
(The hearing agenda and witness list.)

Amy Harmon in the _New York Times_ sets the stage for the hearing by 
summarizing the controversy to date.
http://www.nytimes.com/2002/03/14/technology/14PROT.html

Tom Spring gives the background for the readers of _PC World_.
http://www.pcworld.com/news/article/0,aid,89404,00.asp

At the hearing, executives from Intel, AOL, and Excite testified against 
the SSSCA.  Hilary Rosen for the RIAA spoke in favor of it.
http://zdnet.com.com/2100-1104-860881.html
http://www.nytimes.com/reuters/technology/tech-media-piracy.html?todaysheadlines
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A29108-2002Mar14.html

Senator Patrick Leahy says the Senate will not pass the SSSCA until 
Hollywood and Silicon Valley can find a solution that protects IP without 
violating fair-use rights.  (PS:  And of course if Hollywood and Silicon 
Valley do find such a solution, then the SSSCA won't be necessary.)
http://www.newsbytes.com/news/02/175222.html

In recent public statements, Senators Feinstein and Specter have supported 
the SSSCA, while Hatch and Leahy have distanced themselves from it.
http://www.wired.com/news/politics/0,1283,51072,00.html

* More on the Eldred case.

The _Washington Post_ ran a pro-Eldred editorial on March 5.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A38827-2002Mar4.html
("The real-world explanation for these perpetual [copyright] extensions is, 
of course, the disproportionate financial clout of corporate copyright 
holders in Congress and the galloping increase in the potential value of 
their intellectual property, which heightens the holders' reluctance to 
give it up when the time comes.  There may not be sufficient constitutional 
basis for the court to right that imbalance.  But if not, perhaps in the 
wake of campaign finance reform, some idealistic lawmaker should think 
about addressing it.")

Evan Schultz in _Legal Times_ argues that Lessig's strategy in the Eldred 
case could fracture the alliance supporting his cause.  Lessig's earlier 
arguments were narrowly focused and persuasive, but they lost in 
court.  One of Lessig's recent arguments is borrowed from Phyllis 
Schlafly's Eagle Forum, and is broader, less persuasive, and more divisive 
than his earlier arguments.
http://makeashorterlink.com/?O1DF1268
("Though [Lessig] initially walked the line between camps in the broad war 
over the limits of congressional power, he was inevitably drawn into the 
fight. That means that a case with seemingly broad appeal now must be 
viewed in starkly political terms. It means that the best hope for truly 
reviving the public domain is probably Congress rather than the courts.")

* More on the Elcomsoft/Sklyarov case

Steven Levy summarized the case and its issues for the general public in MSNBC.
http://www.msnbc.com/news/722002.asp?cp1=1
("Can it be illegal to give people the tools to break into their own 
property?  The U.S. government thinks so.")

* More on the Rosetta Books case

Random House has lost its appeal to stop Rosetta Books from publishing 
electronic versions of books for which Random House owns the print rights.
http://www.nando.net/technology/story/298691p-2620544c.html
http://www.wired.com/news/politics/0,1283,51022,00.html
http://www.planetebook.com/mainpage.asp?webpageid=302&nl
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A9185-2002Mar11.html

Opinion of the Second Circuit Court of Appeals (March 12)
http://laws.lp.findlaw.com/2nd/017912.html

* More on the British Telecom hyperlink patent case

What BT has patented is not closely related to what we know and love as the 
internet hyperlink, or at least not as closely related as BT claimed.  Some 
observers think this ruling will be the basis of a summary judgment against BT.
http://makeashorterlink.com/?A2951388
http://www.siliconvalley.com/mld/siliconvalley/news/2863034.htm
http://www.nytimes.com/reuters/technology/tech-tech-hyperlinks-patent.html

Opinion of District Court for the Southern District of New York (March 13)
http://www.nysd.uscourts.gov/courtweb/pdf/D02NYSC/02-02452.PDF

* More on anonymous browsing

Last fall, Zero Knowledge laid down its Freedom Network.  But it has now 
revived it in a new form under the name Freedom WebSecure.  SafeWeb, which 
also discontinued its free anonymizing service, is looking for a way to 
bring it back.
http://makeashorterlink.com/?K10D1298

----------

Catching up (old news I should have discovered earlier)

* Launched last September, Open Source Schools is a portal for open source 
software and "open content" in the service of education.  You won't find 
much about FOS at the site, yet, but the mission statement for the 
organization says it aims "to assist in the movement to broaden 'free' and 
'open source' to include more than software".  It appears to be "open" to 
learning more about FOS, and supporting it, if any readers have an interest 
spreading the word.
http://opensourceschools.org/
(Thanks to C-FIT.)

----------

Correction

* In FOSN for 3/11/02, I wrote about a petition asking that federally 
funded software be open source.  I attributed the petition to Openly 
Informatics, but I should have attributed it to Open Informatics.  Openly 
Informatics is a software developer for reference linking and related 
services, but it has no connection to Open Informatics.  Some of its code 
is released as open source, but for business reasons unrelated to those put 
forth in the petition.  My apologies for any confusion this may have caused.

Openly Informatics
http://www.openly.com

Open Informatics
http://www.openinformatics.org

The petition, from the latter, not the former
http://www.openinformatics.org/petition.html

* In FOSN for 3/11/02, I cited this article on the Budapest Open Access 
Initiative.  Because I couldn't find the author's name, I called it 
anonymous.  Helene Bosc has discovered that the author's name is Fabrice 
Node-Langlois.  Thanks, Helene.

La revolte des savants pour la libre publication (for _Figaro_)
http://www.lefigaro.fr/sciences/20020218.FIG0147.html
(The article is no longer available at this URL.)

----------

Conferences

If you plan to attend one of the following conferences, please share your 
observations with us through our discussion forum.

* Digital Resources and International Information Exchange:  East-West
http://www.iliac.org/seminar/sem1.html
March 18 (Flushing NY), 20 (Stamford CT)

* Internet Librarian International 2002
http://www.internet-librarian.com/index.html
London, March 18-20

* The New Information Order and the Future of the Archive
http://www.ed.ac.uk/iash/archive.conference.html
Edinburgh, March 20-23

* Institute of Mueum and Library Services.  Building Digital Communities
http://webwise.mse.jhu.edu/
Baltimore, March 20-22

* Advanced Licensing Workshop
http://www.arl.org/scomm/licensing/advlic.html
Dallas, March 20-22

* Electronic Publishing Strategy
http://www.alpsp.org/tEPS220302.htm
London, March 22

* Association of Information and Dissemination Centers (ASDIC) Spring 2002 
Meeting
http://www.asidic.org/s02program.html
St. Augustine, Florida, March 24-26

* OCLC Institute. Steering by Standards.  (A series of satellite 
videoconferences.)
http://www.oclc.org/institute/events/sbs.htm
Cyberspace.  OAI, March 26.  OAIS, April 19.  Metadata standards in the 
future, May 29.

* WebSearch University
http://www.websearchu.com/
San Francisco, March 25-26; Stamford CT, April 30 - May 1; Washington DC, 
September 23-24; Chicago, Octeober 22-23; Dallas, November 19-20.

* European Colloquium on Information Retrieval Research
http://www.cs.strath.ac.uk/ECIR02/
Glasgow, March 25-27

* e-Content:  Discovering and Delivering Value
http://www.informationhighways.net/conf/cindex.html
Toronto, March 25-27

* New Developments in Digital Libraries
http://www.iceis.org/workshops/nddl/nddl-cfp.htm
Ciudad Real, Spain, April 2-3

* The New Information Order and the Future of the Archive
http://www.ed.ac.uk/iash/archive.conference.html
Edinburgh, March 20-23

* Copyright Management in Higher Education:  Ownership, Access and Control
http://www.umuc.edu/distance/odell/cip/copy_manage2002/
Adelphi, Maryland, April 4-5

* Global Knowledge Partnership Annual Meeting
http://makeashorterlink.com/?F21C3456
Addis Ababa, April 4-5

* What Scholars Need to Know to Publish Today:  Digital Writing and Access 
for Readers
http://library.albany.edu/symposium/
Albany, New York, April 8

* International Conference on Information Technology: Coding and Computing
http://www.cs.clemson.edu/~srimani/itcc2002/cfp.html
Las Vegas, April 8-10

* NetLab and Friends:  10 Years of Digital Library Development
http://www.lub.lu.se/netlab/conf/
Lund, April 10-12

* E-Content 2002 (on ebooks)
http://litc.sbu.ac.uk/econtent/index.html
London, April 11

* Censorship and Free Access to Information in Libraries and on the Internet
http://www.db.dk/kon/temadag/Censurogytringsfrihed_eng.htm
Copenhagen, April 11

* International Learned Journals Seminar:  We Can't Go On Like This:  The 
Future of Journals
http://www.alpsp.org/s120402.htm
London, April 12

* SIAM International Conference on Data Mining
http://www.siam.org/meetings/sdm02/
Arlington, Virginia, April 11-13

* Creating access to information:  EBLIDA workshop on getting a better deal 
from your information licences
http://www.eblida.org/conferences/licensing/licensing.htm
The Hague, April 12

* Licensing Electronic Resources to Libraries
http://www.arl.org/scomm/licensing/pworkshop.html
Philadelphia, April 15

* United Kingdom Serials Group Annual Conference and Exhibition
http://www.uksg.org/conference.htm
University of Warwick, April 15- 17

* Conference on Computers, Freedom, and Privacy
http://www.cfp2002.org/
San Francisco, April 16-19

* EDUCAUSE Networking 2002
http://www.educause.edu/netatedu/events/net2002/
Washington, D.C., April 17-18

* Museums and the Web 2002
http://www.archimuse.com/mw2002/
Boston, April 17-20

* Legal Guidelines for Use of Intellectual Property in Higher Education
http://www.oneonta.edu/conference/copyright/
Oneonta, NY, April 19

* Information, Knowledges and Society: Challenges of A New Era
http://www.congreso-info.cu/venglish.htm
Havana, April 22-26

* DAI Institute on The State of Digital Preservation:  An International 
Perspective
http://www.clir.org/agenda-digpres.html
Washington, D.C., April 24-25

* CLIR Sponsors' Symposium:  New Challenges, New Solutions:  Libraries for 
the Future
http://www.clir.org/agenda_sponsorsymp.html
Washington, D.C., April 26

* The European Library:  The Gate to Europe's Knowledge:  Milestone Conference
http://www.europeanlibrary.org/
Frankfurt am Main, April 29-30

----------

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Copyright (c) 2002, Peter Suber
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