<div dir="ltr"><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse"><font class="" face="georgia, serif">A compilation of all the episodes available so far of the ongoing series by the plunderphonic musician and historian Jon Leidecker for Ràdio Web MACBA. Do not miss this!<br>
<br><b><span class="" style="background-image:initial;background-color:rgb(255,255,204);color:rgb(34,34,34)">VARIATIONS</span>, by Jon Leidecker</b><br><br>The idea of a completely original piece of music is fairly recent. Music was passed on through sound, through generations, even for centuries after the invention of written music. Only in the 14th century did it become standard practice for a composer to sign his name to a piece of music and claim it entirely as his own, giving rise to the cult of the individual composer. But as recording supplanted sheet music in the 20th century, the presence of communal influence became unavoidably obvious once again as composers began to use recordings to make new recordings. We can now hear the presence of more than one voice. And there is a reason why people don't say they listen to a record – they say that they play a record. From the beginning, recordings have been instruments.<br>
<br><br><b><span class="" style="background-image:initial;background-color:rgb(255,255,204);color:rgb(34,34,34)">VARIATIONS</span> #1. Transition</b></font></span><div><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse"><b><span class="" style="color:rgb(51,51,51);border-collapse:separate;font-weight:normal"><font class="" face="georgia, serif">As recording supplanted sheet music in the 20th century, the presence of communal influence became unavoidably obvious once again as composers began to use recordings to make new recordings. From the beginning, recordings have been instruments.</font></span></b></span></div>
<div><span class=""><font class="" face="georgia, serif"><span style="border-collapse:collapse"><font class="" color="#333333"><span class="" style="border-collapse:separate"><br></span></font></span><font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse">Podcast: </span></font><a href="http://bit.ly/KV8gXc%20" target="_blank" style="color:rgb(17,85,204);border-collapse:collapse">http://bit.ly/KV8gXc </a><br>
<font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse">Transcript: </span></font><a href="http://bit.ly/KV8gXc%20" target="_blank" style="color:rgb(17,85,204);border-collapse:collapse">http://bit.ly/ggLzop </a><br>
<br><b style="border-collapse:collapse"><span class="" style="background-image:initial;background-color:rgb(255,255,204);color:rgb(34,34,34)">VARIATIONS</span> #2. The Globe</b><br><span class="" style="color:rgb(51,51,51)">The second episode of this series presents an overview of the sixties, starting with the world music collages of Richard Maxfield, Teiji Ito and Karlheinz Stockhausen, and following through to the impact of John Cage and Marshall McLuhan on the Beatles.</span></font></span></div>
<div><span class=""><font class="" face="georgia, serif"><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse"><br></span></font></span></div><div><span class=""><font class="" face="georgia, serif"><font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse">Podcast: </span></font><a href="http://bit.ly/IIa07h" target="_blank" style="color:rgb(17,85,204);border-collapse:collapse">http://bit.ly/IIa07h </a><br>
<font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse">Transcript: </span></font><a href="http://bit.ly/eca9yd%20" target="_blank" style="color:rgb(17,85,204);border-collapse:collapse">http://bit.ly/eca9yd </a><br>
<br><b style="border-collapse:collapse"><span class="" style="background-image:initial;background-color:rgb(255,255,204);color:rgb(34,34,34)">VARIATIONS</span> #3. The Approach</b></font></span></div><div><span class=""><font class="" face="georgia, serif"><span class="" style="color:rgb(51,51,51)">In the seventies the avant-garde finally crosses the line into wholesale plundering of commercial pop music, and the pop disciplines of disco and dub become increasingly comfortable with manipulating released music into new forms, narrowing the divide between art and pop practices.</span><font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse"><b><br>
</b></span></font><font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse"><br></span></font></font></span></div><div><span class=""><font class="" face="georgia, serif"><font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse">Podcast: </span></font><a href="http://bit.ly/IY5C7G" target="_blank" style="color:rgb(17,85,204);border-collapse:collapse">http://bit.ly/IY5C7G</a><font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse"> </span></font><br>
<font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse">Transcript: </span></font><a href="http://bit.ly/INIiEF" target="_blank" style="color:rgb(17,85,204);border-collapse:collapse">http://bit.ly/INIiEF</a><font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse"> </span></font><br>
<br><b style="border-collapse:collapse"><span class="" style="background-image:initial;background-color:rgb(255,255,204);color:rgb(34,34,34)">VARIATIONS</span> #4. The Explosion</b></font></span></div><div><span class=""><font class="" face="georgia, serif"><span class="" style="color:rgb(51,51,51)">An overview as the art music tradition of collage music is joined by the popular culture tradition of hip-hop, which would establish many of the same aesthetics and practices solidly in the mainstream.</span><font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse"><b><br>
</b></span></font><font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse"><br></span></font></font></span></div><div><span class=""><font class="" face="georgia, serif"><font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse">Podcast: </span></font><a href="http://bit.ly/J2S7F0" target="_blank" style="color:rgb(17,85,204);border-collapse:collapse">http://bit.ly/J2S7F0 </a><br>
<font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse">Transcript: </span></font><a href="http://bit.ly/KM3Zvm" target="_blank" style="color:rgb(17,85,204);border-collapse:collapse">http://bit.ly/KM3Zvm</a><font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse"> </span></font><br>
<br><b style="border-collapse:collapse"><span class="" style="background-image:initial;background-color:rgb(255,255,204);color:rgb(34,34,34)">VARIATIONS</span> #5. The Discipline</b></font></span></div><div><span class=""><font class="" face="georgia, serif"><span class="" style="color:rgb(51,51,51)">As art and industrial practitioners formally map out the discipline, hip-hop's discovery of digital sampling technology in the mid-80's provided a reintroduction to its original roots in block party DJ collage.</span><font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse"><b><br>
</b></span></font><font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse"><br></span></font></font></span></div><div><span class=""><font class="" face="georgia, serif"><font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse">Podcast: </span></font><a href="http://bit.ly/JiPAX8" target="_blank" style="color:rgb(17,85,204);border-collapse:collapse">http://bit.ly/JiPAX8</a><font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse"> </span></font><br>
<font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse">Transcript: </span></font><a href="http://bit.ly/J50Q30" target="_blank" style="color:rgb(17,85,204);border-collapse:collapse">http://bit.ly/J50Q30</a><br><br>
<b style="border-collapse:collapse"><span class="" style="background-image:initial;background-color:rgb(255,255,204);color:rgb(34,34,34)">VARIATIONS</span> #6. The Library</b></font></span></div><div><span class=""><font class="" face="georgia, serif"><span class="" style="color:rgb(51,51,51)">Sound libraries are collections of sounds explicitly designed or collected for further use, presented as unfinished ingredients. Sounds increasingly detach from their sources and are used by new authors less as references than as simple objects.</span><font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse"><b><br>
</b></span></font><font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse"><br></span></font></font></span></div><div><span class=""><font class="" face="georgia, serif"><font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse">Podcast: </span></font><a href="http://bit.ly/JlxK1Q" target="_blank" style="color:rgb(17,85,204);border-collapse:collapse">http://bit.ly/JlxK1Q</a><br>
<font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse">Transcript: </span></font><a href="http://bit.ly/J50WHM" target="_blank" style="color:rgb(17,85,204);border-collapse:collapse">http://bit.ly/J50WHM</a><font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse"> </span></font><br>
<br><b style="border-collapse:collapse"><span class="" style="background-image:initial;background-color:rgb(255,255,204);color:rgb(34,34,34)">VARIATIONS</span> #7. The Composer</b></font></span></div><div><span class=""><font class="" face="georgia, serif"><span class="" style="color:rgb(51,51,51)">If sampling had seemed an inherently revolutionary practice in the eighties that called into question the definition and the authority of the composer, the proliferation of artists in the decade that followed reasserted that authority. Mainstream audiences finally recognized appropriation as a legitimate form of creativity once artists became comfortable practicing it as a form of self-expression.</span><font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse"><b><br>
</b></span></font><font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse"><br></span></font></font></span></div><div><span class=""><font class="" face="georgia, serif"><font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse">Podcast: </span></font><a href="http://bit.ly/LAWPst" target="_blank" style="color:rgb(17,85,204);border-collapse:collapse">http://bit.ly/LAWPst</a><br>
<font class=""><span class="" style="border-collapse:collapse">Transcript: </span></font><a href="http://bit.ly/MW97ei" target="_blank" style="color:rgb(17,85,204);border-collapse:collapse">http://bit.ly/MW97ei</a><br><br>
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